Koç Katımı (Ram Pairing) as Intangible Cultural Heritage: An Evaluation of Pastoral Traditions in Rural Societies

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the tradition of Koç Katımı (ram pairing) and its associated pastoral activities, tracing its roots from ancient Turkic cultures in Central Asia to contemporary Anatolia. The study group consists of six active livestock breeders residing in Çallı Village, located in the Sivas Province. Employing a qualitative research design, data were gathered using a semi-structured interview form containing six targeted questions. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis. In the analysis section, participants' responses were transcribed verbatim and presented as direct quotations, with participants anonymized using codes (e.g., K1, K2). The findings reveal that Koç Katımı extends far beyond a utilitarian livestock mating process, serving as a profound cultural phenomenon. Participants detailed the symbolic meanings behind painting the rams in various colors and noted the diverse communal celebrations, which include festivals featuring traditional drums (davul) and horns (zurna), alongside the distribution of food and drinks. Furthermore, ritualistic practices were identified, such as placing young girls or boys on the rams to symbolically influence the gender of the upcoming lambs. Additionally, traditional divination methods were observed: if a ram approaches a black sheep first upon entering the herd, the winter is predicted to be mild, whereas approaching a white sheep first forecasts a long and harsh winter. Ultimately, the study concludes that these rich ritualistic elements demonstrate the depth, continuity, and expansive nature of Turkish cultural heritage.